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Photo by Carilyne Vance |
Pollinator populations which include bees, butterflies, bats
and beetles, support terrestrial wildlife, providing a healthy watershed and
more. Honey bees play an important part in our agricultural ecosystem.
According to the USDA, one-third of our daily diet comes from honey bee
pollinated crops. Pollen is transported by bees, allowing plants to
produce fruits, vegetables and seeds.
Despite their critical role, these
pollinators are being increasingly threatened by extreme weather, parasites and
disease, and reductions in forage areas. Surveys of honey bee colonies as
measured since 2006 have shown average winter losses of nearly 30 percent. Of
particular concern is the impact of the invasive parasite, the Varroa mite,
which the USDA considers “the single most detrimental pest of honey bees” and
the one factor most closely associated with colony decline.
Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) was brought to national
attention almost a decade ago. According to Michael Raupp, an extension
specialist and professor of Entomology with the University of Maryland, contributing
factors for CCD are: 1) Infesting Varroa mites, 2) nutrition and weakened diets,
and 3) pesticides, which can weaken the immune system of bees. Read more at his
Bug
of the Week website.
Encouragingly, urban beekeeping is gaining in popularity,
especially in Washington, D.C., with even the White House cultivating its own
colonies. Honey bees thrive in pollinator patches, which offer bees blooming
opportunities and a variety of flowers to support different bee species,
increasing pollinator diversity.